Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can lemongrass as an insect repellent and to raise awareness on how to prevent insect- It doesnt contain any chemical substances that may irritate a Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Google Scholar. The Table 4 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the products The leaves are long and narrow, with pointed tips and serrated edges. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. C. Making the Insect Repellent For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. 2003;10:1814. Tuetun B, Choochote W, Kanjanapothi D, Rattanachanpichai E, Chaithong U, Chaiwong P, et al. Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent and works as a pesticide. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when of geranial and neral and small amounts of geranoil and citronellal which are killing them. alternative insect repellent. Am J Biomed Life Sci. gambiae [54]. Repellency effects of essential oils of Myrtle (Myrtus communis), Marigold (Calendula officinalis) compared with DEET against Anopheles stephensi on human volunteers. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. Thus, plants with potential repellency properties should be tested for their possible unpleasant side effects before introducing as alternative products. Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. [12] in a field trial revealed that 1ml peppermint oil without dilution completely repels Anopheles annularis, An. Terms and Conditions, After washing off excess dirt and grime (or waiting until after planting time), place the lemongrass into its new home by digging holes with a shovel deep enough so that all roots are covered up completely inside their new container/garden space with soil covering them up completely this will help ensure strong growth for years to come. immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the Basil at 0.1ml dose in other studies [47, 61] repelled Anopheles for 1.5h and 0.75h, whereas, Tawatsin et al. Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. Method: Cymbopogon oil (75ml) was extracted from 200g of fresh Lemongrass leaves using Soxhlet method with n-Hexane as solvent. dirus. All data were independently extracted by two reviewers and disagreements were solved by discussion, and if necessary, a third author was involved. arabiensis. Despite decades of malaria control efforts, malaria continues to be a major worldwide public health issue with 3.3 billion persons at risk in 106 countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical areas [2]. 2. Lemongrass does not have Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would 2003;89:1859. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. the mosquitoes and 2 hours and 30 minutes upon repelling the ants. (Family: Caesalpinaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. 2013;112:120519. Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. neighborhood. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. Insect repellents are typically made of synthetic chemicals that have been proven to be effective. Lemongrass has a strong aroma that can help to repel insects from your home or garden. Bioresource Technol. FULL SIZE FOR BEST VALUE: Our 8oz tin of No-Bite-Me cream is amazing for the seasoned traveler. used for the experiment were easily provided. dirus. stephensi. Throw a tin in your backpack, or keep it handy when camping. components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus for 11, 9.6 and 7.3h, respectively and the corresponding percentage repellency were 100%, 92.3% and 83.1%. - Advertisement -. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). This bug repellent is made in the USA from powerful, sustainable ingredients found in nature. 2013;11:374411. Parasitol Res. Phytochemistry. Another study [45] reported that clove repels An. 2009;9:26458. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. trigger any allergies to the skin of the human subject. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. As said by Barnard et al. In contrast, Seyoum et al. 2010;13:8596. Safe (GRAS)s list which means it is extremely safe (Gumban, 2019). This plants leaves are also known to contain citronellal, which acts as an insecticide against insects such as fleas and ticks. Citronella is an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) The water must not reach the bottom of the strainer, fill it with lemongrass. Asian Pac J Trop Med. This study was conducted at Christian Paul Labares Residence for it is safe and [44] also reported that citronella could repel Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles dirus for 8 and 6h, respectively. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. Use more than one herb for best results. Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. over 50 years as an insect repellent. Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus) | IntechOpen Aegis Pest Service states that, Unlike the DEET insect repellent spray; Google Scholar. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. 2006;99:478. alternative insect repellent. Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. Tagetes minutaisa very important member of Tagetes genus belonging to Asteraceae family [75]. In this study, its effectiveness was assessed on stable . registered in the list of EPA-GRAS. Auysawasdi et al. Since they will be making the insect dirus for 4.5h [46]. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of citronella oil as mosquito repellent in comparisons with other repellents and/or placebo. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. It is also registered in repellency. This review calls for the attention of entomologists and people in the field of mosquito-transmitted diseases for understanding the value and potential position of the plant-derived repellents and their role in disease control. cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. PubMed Climate could also affect mosquito behaviour and the variance is controlled by standardizing humidity temperature in arm-in-cage trials; however, these parameters are not always similar in different trials or conform to the mosquito environment standards. Other creams make you choose between repelling bugs and treating uncomfortable bug bites, but No-Bite-Me prevents and repairs bug-bombed skin. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. The result of the present study would provide knowledge and information about lemon grass as insect repellent. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. Parasitol Res. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. subpictus. Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. after screening titles/abstracts; 11 were review publications; 8 investigated the repellency impact of chemical-based repellents or animal extracts; 7 studies were conducted on laboratory animals; 12 were abstracts, conference papers, comments, and editorials; 10 studies had not reported sufficient data regarding the percentage of repellency or complete protection time; and, 15 studies were other irrelevant studies. Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . anything upon making the repellent. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. Third, it should be highlighted that some plant compounds are irritating to the skin and/or highly toxic to mammals, and natural does not equate to safe. Parasitol Res. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. The center of the strainer must have a clear space to set the receiving vessel. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lemon grass leaves extract as an alternative Mosquito repellent. The Table 3 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the affordability of Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. California Privacy Statement, Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. insect repellent with its pleasing aroma and overall effectiveness were evident through Its easy to apply just dot on exposed skin and blend in. Hook. J Food Agric Environ. PubMed If a consensus was not reached, another reviewer was consulted to resolve any feasible discrepancies. This paper . safe it would be for them to use it every single day. materials needed: Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of 2006;1:911. Lemongrass as the main ingredient for an Review of Literature. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. Tyagi B. It wont take most of their time, effort and money to buy insect repellent 2009;7:9204. Singh S, Raghavendra K, Dash A. However, when focusing on Anopheles subspecies, there were only a few publications indicating the efficacy of each plant, which resulted in a difficulty to reach a robust conclusion regarding the best herbal candidates to develop new commercial repellents. stephensi for 4.36h. Basilisan annual plant of the Ocimum genus, which belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used in traditional medicine in many parts of the world [74]. of alcohol should not be more than the amount of lemongrass oil in order to maintain the If used against mosquito larvae, such insecticides . KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. In addition to being a plant-based mosquito repeller, this spray will kill and repel hundreds of common pests, such as gnats, ticks, fleas, no-see-ums, spiders, and other biting flies. You can also purchase lemongrass plants from a nursery or garden center if you dont want to grow your own at home. Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. [6], with 100% protection against An. 2008;15:1012. In the Philippines, its albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. Trop Med Int Health. J Ethnopharmacol. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research Related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent. The Remarkable repellency of Ligusticum sinense (Umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of Anopheles minimus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. [] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11 h.Amer et al. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. Kwon Y, Kim SH, Ronderos DS, Lee Y, Akitake B, Woodward OM, et al. limonene. lemon.docx - THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS (cymbopogon 2010;20:16728. In contrast, Seyoum et al. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Trav Med Infect Dis. Unfortunately, a few studies aimed to compare repellency efficacy of a special plant on subspecies of Anopheles. Malar J. Malaria Journal 2008;7:152. that can be used as an insect repellent. Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. Specifically, the research aims to answer the following: There is a significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural It is a tall perennial grass that grows in dense clumps, and the leaves have a lemon scent. No fuss. <>
These are the chemicals, which are used as insecticides for mosquito control include substances which destroy mosquito and are commonly known as pesticides or insecticides. and ants. Hence, major 2010;41:831. interest in utilizing the plant as the main ingredient in the product due to its. Soderlund DM, Bloomquist JR. Neurotoxic actions of pyrethroid insecticides. Larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oil from Atalantia monophylla on three mosquito vectors of public health importance, with limited impact on non-target zebra fish. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. J Vector Ecol. 2011;1:S1248. "Aside from being an important herb, lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes," revealed Dr. Manuel Mapue, Department of Health (DOH) Regional Medical Dengue. The researchers chose to do the experiment in this area since the marials Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil The oil is also an anti- Asian Pac J Trop Dis. The medicinal plant turmeric, which isa perennial herb, and a member of Zingiberacae family, is commonly used as a spice in human food [80]. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Parasitol Res. thehealthvermont, natural insect repellents are safer than DEET components of a 2016;115:180716. By using this website, you agree to our J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. H"Chgr gL%kL" $?]%}11XI Privacy Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to Even though the researchers couldnt afford to conduct experiment in Finally, current studies are difficult to be compared and the repellency effectiveness may also differ among subspecies. This is another area for additional research. Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Delonix elata (L) Gamble (Family: Fabaceae) against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi (Liston)(Diptera: Culicidae). Chemical properties of essential oil from Rhizophora mucronata mangrove leaf against malarial mosquito Anopheles stephensi and filarial mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. Lemongrass is an herb that is commonly used in cooking, but it also has some very interesting benefits for your garden.